Sezgi Şahin Duyar1 , Siahmet Atlı2 , Merve Sarı Akyüz3 , Makbule Özlem Akbay4 , Onur Yazıcı5 , Damla Serçe Unat6 , Ali Çetinkaya7 , Suna Kavurgacı1 , Yusuf Aydemir8 , Mücahid Çolak8 , Özer Özdemir9 , Kadir Burak Akgün10 2Department of Pulmonology, University of Health Sciences, Van Training and Research Hospital, Van, Türkiye
3Department of Pulmonology, University of Health Sciences, Antalya Training and Research Hospital, Antalya, Türkiye
4Department of Pulmonology, University of Health Sciences Süreyyapaşa Chest Diseases and Thoracic Surgery Training and Research Hospital, İstanbul, Türkiye
5Department of Pulmonology, Aydın Adnan Menderes University, Faculty of Medicine, Aydın, Türkiye
6Department of Pulmonology, Dr.Ali Menekşe Chest Diseases Hospital, Giresun, Türkiye
7Department of Pulmonology, University of Health Sciences Dr. Ersin Arslan Training and Research Hospital, Gaziantep, Türkiye
8Department of Pulmonology, Sakarya University Faculty of Medicine, Sakarya, Türkiye
9Department of Pulmonology, University of Health Sciences Dr. Suat Seren Chest Diseases and Chest Surgery Training and Research Hospital, İzmir, Türkiye
10Department of Pulmonology, Hatay Mustafa Kemal University Faculty of Medicine, Hatay, Turkiye
Abstract
Background and Aim: Long-term oxygen therapy (LTOT) improves survival and outcomes in chronic respiratory failure. The present multicenter study assesses the factors affecting adherence in patients undergoing long-term oxygen therapy (LTOT) and evaluates its impact on the frequency of hospital visits.
Methods: The clinical and demographic data of the patients under LTOT who were admitted to the study centers between January 1 and June 30, 2024 were recorded. The patients who adhered to their LTOT regime for 15 hours or more a day, including both daytime and nighttime, were classified as fully adherent. The data of adherent patients were compared with those of non-adherent patients. The factors affecting LTOT adherence were determined via logistic regression analysis.
Results: Among the 374 patients who met the inclusion criteria, 40.6% were classified as adherent to their LTOT regime. The emergency room visits (median: 3/year) and hospital admissions (median: 1/year) of the LTOT-adherent patients were found to be more frequent over the past year. A regression analysis identified BMI below 25 kg/m2 and type-2 respiratory failure as independent factors influencing LTOT adherence. Among the patients with type-2 respiratory failure, those with a BMI below 25 kg/m2 were found to be more adherent to LTOT, with a specificity of 74.1% and a sensitivity of 44.9%. A reduction in the frequency of emergency room visits was noted in the group that adhered to LTOT for 1 year.
Conclusion: A BMI below 25 kg/m2 and type-2 respiratory failure can predict the adherence of patients to their LTOT regimes.
