Background and Aim: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) stands out as one of the leading causes of death and disability worldwide. Precise survival estimates and identification of mortality risk factors are crucial to manage COPD. This prospective study aimed to investiage the survival rate and identify predictors of mortality in COPD patients.

Methods: We investigated the association of various factors with three-year survival rates in our COPD cohort. Patients (n=176) underwent baseline assessments including demographics, comorbidities, questionnaires, laboratory findings, and Long-term oxygen therapy/Bilevel positive airway pressure (LTOT/BPAP) use. The primary endpoint was 3-year follow-up completion, and the secondary endpoint was all-cause mortality. Cox regression analysis explored factors associated with mortality. The Kaplan-Meier method was performed on survival analysis.

Results: Our prospective cohort study of 176 COPD patients (65.4 years old, mostly male) identified a 3-year overall survival rate of 86.4%. 68.5 and higher years of age (p<0.001), 4.5 and higher Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) scores (p<0.001) and eosinophil counts lower than 45 cells/μL (p<0.001) were independently associated with poorer survival. LTOT use (p=0.001) was also found to be associated with poor survival.

Conclusion: In this prospective cohort study, age, CCI, LTOT use, and eosinophil count at baseline evaluation were found to be associated with survival as predictors of mortality. Our analysis identified an age cut-off of 68.5 years (and higher) and a CCI cut-off score of 4.5 (and higher) associated with increased mortality risk, while lower baseline eosinophil counts (≤45 cells/μL) predicted poorer survival in this COPD cohort.