Abstract
Exogenous lipoid pneumonia is a rare but serious respiratory condition caused by inhalation or aspiration of lipid-based substances. It often presents with nonspecific symptoms, such as cough, dyspnea, and fever, which can mimic infectious pneumonia and lead to diagnostic delays. Radiological imaging typically reveals ground-glass opacities, consolidations, or nodular lesions, particularly in the lower and middle lobes. Diagnosis is supported by a clinical history of exposure to specific oils or solvents, and confirmation often requires bronchoalveolar lavage demonstrating lipid-laden macrophages. Management includes cessation of exposure, supportive care, corticosteroids in selected cases, and treatment of secondary infections. This case series highlights three distinct clinical presentations of exogenous lipoid pneumonia—two involving fire-breathers and one related to occupational solvent exposure—emphasizing the importance of early recognition and tailored therapeutic strategies to prevent long-term complications.
